Research articles
ScienceAsia 45 (2019): 301-308 |doi:
10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2019.45.301
Genetic diversity of the North African catfish, Clarias
gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) hatchery stocks in Thailand
Anyalak Wachirachaikarna,b, Uthairat Na-Nakornc,*
ABSTRACT: Information on levels of genetic variation is a prerequisite for successful natural resource management
and genetic improvement programs. In this study we aimed to identify genetically distinct stocks of North African
catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Thailand which could be used as germplasm sources for a selective
breeding program. Four hatchery stocks (n = 50 fish/population) were sampled, three from northeastern provinces
(Sakon Nakhon, SN; Nong Khai, NK; and Nakhon Ratchasima, NR), and one from central Thailand (Nakhon Nayok,
NY). Six microsatellite loci were scored using primers developed for this species. The results revealed significant
genetic differentiation among stocks (FST = 0.096; CI = 0.045–0.166) with all but one pair of stocks (NK vs SN) being
significantly different, as shown by pair-wise FST. Three stocks showed homozygote excess. Further analyses showed no
recent bottlenecks, but some evidence of genotype disequilibrium. Allele diversity was low (A ranged from 6.00–7.00;
Ae ranged from 3.43–4.59) while heterozygosity was moderate (Ho ranged from 0.52–0.72; He ranged from 0.67–0.77).
The effective population sizes (Ne) based on linkage disequilibrium method were between 22.2 and 133 individuals.
The neighbor-joining (NJ) tree was robust and revealed the closest genetic relationship between SN and NK, which were
clearly separated from NR and NY. Two groups of stocks (northeastern, NK+NR+SN vs NY) showed highest variation
among groups (13%) as revealed by AMOVA. The results apparently revealed genetically distinct stocks of North African
catfish in Thailand which are useful for establishing a base population for a genetic improvement program.
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| a |
Division of Genetics, Department of Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University,
Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand |
| b |
Research Unit of Genetic Technology and Applications, Department of Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts
and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand |
| c |
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900 Thailand |
* Corresponding author, E-mail: ffisurn@ku.ac.th
Received 21 May 2018, Accepted 6 Aug 2019
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