Volume 49 Number 3

The effect of glass-ceramic spray deposition on the bond strength of zirconia

Ting Xu^a,b,c,d, Yuzhen Zhan^a, Hang Chen^a, Xuelu Tong^a,b,c,d,*, Xiaonan Zhang^a,b,c,d,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Glass-CeramicSprayDeposition (GCSD)isanoveltechnologythatmodifieszirconia surfaces by depositing a lithium disilicate glass layer. This study investigates the effect of GCSD on the shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia compared to conventional bonding methods. Zirconia blocks were divided into three groups: Z (Z-Prime Plus), S (Single Bond Universal), and L (GCSD + LiSi Connect). Specimens were subdivided into 24 h water storage (unaged) and 5000 thermal cycling (aged) groups (n = 10). SBS was tested, and fracture modes were analyzed. Surface morphologywasexaminedviaSEM.Intheunagedcondition, theLgroupexhibitedthehighestSBS(33.63?1.25MPa), which was significantly higher than that of Z group (31.15?2.26 MPa) and S group (30.47?2.57 MPa) (p < 0.05). After aging, SBS significantly decreased in all groups (p < 0.05). Although the L group maintained the highest mean value (28.87?1.94 MPa) compared to S group (26.92?2.68 MPa) and Z group (26.72?2.70 MPa), no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups in the aged condition (p > 0.05). GCSD surface modification achieved superior initial bond strength compared to 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-based primers. Although bond strength decreased after aging, it remained at a level comparable to the control groups. Thus, GCSD presents a viable alternative for clinical zirconia bonding.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: 500133@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn, 500793@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn

Received 15 May 2025, Accepted 9 Mar 2026