Volume 49 Number 3

Sample pre-treatment strategy for value-added bioactive phytochemicals in adventitious root culture of Eurycoma harmandiana Pierre and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity

Rattanathorn Choonong^a, Thaweesak Juengwatanatrakul^b, Gorawit Yusakul^c, Tripetch Kanchanapoom^a, Waraporn Putalun^a,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Eurycoma harmandiana Pierre (Simaroubaceae) (EH) is a well-known herbal plant with aphrodisiac and antifever properties. This study investigated the effect of a pre-treatment strategy to enhance aglycone metabolites in the adventitious root culture of EH and evaluated its anti-inflammatory activity. The content of pre-treatment samples was determined using HPLC analysis. Nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of the pre-treatment (Tx) and non-treatment (non-Tx) samples was compared using quantitative polymerase chain reaction of inflammatory genes, including inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), and interleukin-6 (IL6). Deglycosylation of canthin-6-one-9-O-?-glucopyranoside (C6OG) to 9-hydroxy-canthin-6-one (HCO) occurred in the Tx group by pre-treatment method. The enrichment of the aglycone sample exhibited a level of HCO (aglycone form) that was significantly higher (9.3-fold) than that of the non-Tx. Moreover, HCO had superior anti-inflammatory activity than the glycoside form. The enriched aglycone sample had higher potency than the non-Tx and suppressed inflammatory gene expression. Our findings provide novel insights into the benefits of using the pre-treatment method in health supplement products.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: waraporn@kku.ac.th

Received 28 Nov 2023, Accepted 10 Aug 2024