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Cell line screening and characterization of bioactive compounds from kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) cell suspension elicited by yeast and isopentenyl pyrophosphate

Frisca Damayanti^a,b, Dewi Y. Rizqi^a, Wulan U. Mafiroh^a, Umi Salamah^a, Ghea P. Cristy^a,c, Aries B. Sasongko^a, Ari Indrianto^a, Endang Semiarti^a, Woro A.S. Tunjung^a,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Elicitation and precursor feeding are two of available strategies for enhancing bioactive production in plant cell line screening. This study aimed to select the optimum kaffir lime cell line, which yields more bioactive constituents, using elicitation and precursor feeding and analyze its bioactive compounds. Firstly, we induced callus from the seed explant. The callus tissues were, then, subjected to the cell suspension. As much as 10 mg/ml of pure culture S. cerevisiae (SC), 5 mg/ml (F5), and 10 mg/ml (F10) of commercial technical-grade yeast were used as elicitors. Furthermore, 10 ?g/ml of Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) was used as a precursor. After obtaining the cell lines, we analyzed the profile of the bioactive compounds by GC-MS. The results showed that the number of living kaffir lime cells after treatments decreased by 37.1% to 40.4%, indicating a successful cell line selection. The resistant cells were assumed to be the cell lines capable of producing a higher concentration of target compounds (terpenoids). Bioactive compounds detected in all treatments were dominated by alkane, fatty acid, and aldehyde compounds. F5 and SC treatment enhanced more terpenoids compounds compared with untreated cells. It can be concluded that all treatments indicated a successful cell line selection, in which F5 and SC enhanced more terpenoids compared with the control. Terpenoid-producing cell lines can be used as a raw material for cancer medicine.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: wanindito@ugm.ac.id

Received 11 Sep 2022, Accepted 11 Mar 2023