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Enhanced efficiency of in vitro plant regeneration of caladium (Caladium bicolor cv. 'Khum Thong') through young leaf culture

Waraporn Heedchim^a, Sompong Te-chato^b, Chakriya Niha^b, Nucharee Chadakan^a, Sureerat Yenchon^b,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Caladium cv. 'Khum Thong' is a popular and expensive ornamental caladium due to its attractive foliage. Although propagation of caladium by tuber separation is common, it takes a long time and the risk of pathogen infection is high. These challenges could be solved using plant tissue culture technique. Thus, the aim of this research was to investigate factors affecting plant regeneration and substrates on acclimatization. Sterile young leaves of caladium were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l N6 -benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg/l ?-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for four weeks. Calli were obtained and cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1% activated charcoal and different concentrations of BA for four weeks. The results showed that the medium containing 0.5 mg/l BA gave the highest shoot induction (100%), number of shoots (2.80 shoots/callus clump), and plant height (1.20 cm). For type of culture, the results revealed that liquid medium under shaking condition gave the best results in shoot proliferation at 100%, number of shoots at 12.20 shoots/clump, shoot height at 3.54 cm, and number of leaves at 2.60 leaves/plant. For acclimatization, all types of substrates gave 100% survival rate, while peat moss gave the best results in plant growth and development. Therefore, it can be concluded that shaking liquid medium with 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.1% activated charcoal looks to be the most suitable for mass propagation of caladium cv. 'Khum Thong'. Peat moss is suitable for acclimatization of this plant.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: sureerat.y@psu.ac.th

Received 29 Jan 2022, Accepted 30 May 2022