Volume 49 Number 3

Flow injection amperometric sensor based on reduced graphene oxide modified electrode for continuous salicylic acid detection

Supapich Romportong^a,b,c, Apon Numnuam^a,b,c, Natha Nontipichet^a, Thanawath Tuntiwongmetee^a,b,c, Panote Thavarungkul^a,b,c, Proespichaya Kanatharana^a,b,c, Suntisak Khumngern^a,*

 
ABSTRACT:      Salicylic acid (SA) is widely used in cosmetics and medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties. Excessive exposure to SA may cause vomiting, skin irritation, headaches, and increased blood pressure. In this study, an electrochemical SA sensor was developed by modifying a screen-printed carbon electrode with reduced graphene oxide (rGO/SPCE). The surface morphology of the rGO/SPCE was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were also performed to confirm the structural properties of the electrode materials. Electrochemical behaviors of rGO/SPCE toward SA were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. SA was determined at the detection potential of +0.55 V by an amperometric method coupled with a flow injection system. Under optimum conditions, the SA sensor provided a wide linear range of 2.0 ?mol/l to 1.0 mmol/l, a detection limit of 0.69 ?mol/l, and a short analysis time (1 min). Stability, reproducibility, and selectivity of the developed sensor were excellent. The modified electrode could be used for over 91 detections. The developed sensor detected SA in cosmetic and pharmaceutical samples with a recovery range of 92.1?102.4%, indicating that the method was highly accurate. In addition, the obtained results of SA levels agreed with those obtained by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Therefore, the developed sensor offers a reliable electrochemical strategy for the detection of SA.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: suntisak.k@psu.ac.th

Received 26 Jan 2024, Accepted 7 Oct 2024