Research articles
ScienceAsia 50 (2024):ID 2024070 1-10 |doi:
10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2024.070
Cell adhesion molecule 2 inhibits colorectal cancer
progression through attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
Yangyang Liua,?, Daoquan Fanga,?, Xiaojuan Fangb,?, Zuyue Zhonga, Qiongying Zhange, Yichu Lianf, Fanggui Shaoc,d,*, Lei Jianga,f,*
ABSTRACT: Analysis of colorectal cancer (CRC) data revealed that cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2) is lowly expressed in tumor tissues. This study, therefore, aimed to elucidate the anti-oncogenesis roles of CADM2. The expression
level CADM2 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. We validated the expression level in adjacent normal,
tumor, and metastatic tissues through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Methylation-specific PCR was used to explore the reason for the low expression. The biological function of CADM2
was verified by analyzing CCK-8 and transwell in cell line. Bioinformatics and Western blot analyses were used to
explore anti-tumor progression pathways and the differences in immune infiltration levels. We found that CADM2
is weakly expressed in the TCGA and has good diagnostic performance. The low expression of CADM2 in cell lines
and tissues was confirmed, and the hypoexpression was correlated with promoter hypermethylation. The IHC showed
statistically significant decreased expression in primary focal compared to adjacent normal tissue, which further reduced
in metastatic foci compared with primary foci. Up-regulation of CADM2 inhibited the growth and migrative and invasive
ability of cells. When CADM2 expression was up-regulated, significant changes occurred in the expression of epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the molecular mechanism of
CADM2 inhibiting tumor progression may also be related to the EMT process. Moreover, the CADM2 high-expression
subgroup had higher immunity scores and infiltration levels. The research showed the association of CADM2 with
carcinogenesis and metastasis by EMT process, providing new insight for molecular therapy and diagnosis of CRC.
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| a |
Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000 China |
| b |
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First
Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000 China |
| c |
Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,
Zhejiang 325000 China |
| d |
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of
Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000 China |
| e |
Department of pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000 China |
| f |
Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 315000 China |
* Corresponding author, E-mail: fangguishao@wmu.edu.cn, lei.jiang@wmu.edu.cn
Received 11 Oct 2023, Accepted 22 May 2024
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