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Phylogenetic diversity of cultured bacteria from prevalent species of corals around Samae San island, Thailand

Dewi Embong Bulan^a,b, Suchana Chavanich^a, Voranop Viyakarn^a, Naraporn Somboonna^c,*

 
ABSTRACT:     Predominant corals of Samae San island, Thailand, including Acropora humilis, Acropora millepora, Porites lutea and Platygyra sinensis, were cultured and identified for bacterial species by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Of all corals, dominant cultured bacteria were Firmicutes (46.75%), Proteobacteria (34.60%), Actinobacteria (17.18%) and Bacteriodetes (1.47%). Firmicutes such as Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Sediminibacillus was relatively most abundant (∼50%), except in P. sinensis that Proteobacteria was more abundant. Over culture temperature range of 20–50 °C, different bacterial species were grown (ANOVA replica watches, p < 0.05). Coral P. lutea and A. humilis associated bacteria were able to be cultured at the highest temperature (45 °C), followed by coral A. millepora (40 °C) and P. sinensis (35 °C) bacteria. The high-temperature cultured bacteria were mostly Bacillus such as Bacillus amyloliquefaceins. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogeny relationship of the bacterial species from these four corals showed that, for Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, the bacterial species isolated from coral P. lutea, A. humilis and A. millepora rather shared clades. Overall, the coral Acropora demonstrated more diversity of bacterial species than coral Porites. The culturing attempt at high temperature allowed additional bacterial species findings.

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* Corresponding author, E-mail: Naraporn.S@chula.ac.th

Received 16 Jan 2019, Accepted 27 Feb 2020