Research articles
ScienceAsia 48 (2022):ID 596-604 |doi:
10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2022.080
In vitro cytotoxic activity, molecular docking study, and
chemical composition of Zingiber cassumunar root oil
Pongsit Vijitphan, Arthit Makarasen*, Suwicha Patnin, Decha Dechtrirat, Peerada Yingyuad, Supanna Techasakul?
ABSTRACT: The cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines of eight known sesquiterpene and phenylbutenoids,
namely, (?)-?-sesquiphellandrene (1), (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)buta-1-ene (2), (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)buta1,3-diene (3), (E)-1-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)buta-1-ene (4), (E)-1-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)buta-1,3-diene (5), (E)-
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)buta-3-eneyl acetate (6), (?)-trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]
cyclohex-1-ene (7), and (?)-cis-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (8) were evaluated. All compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Plai) using classical column chromatography. Compounds 1, 7, and 8 exhibited good cytotoxic activity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (MOLT-3)
with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 16.39?1.22, 16.41?3.68, and 14.38?0.78 ?g/ml;
promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) with IC50 values of 7.64?0.33, 15.25?0.88, and 13.02?0.91 ?g/ml; and hormoneindependent breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) with IC50 values of 27.71?1.41, 28.99?2.30, and 27.94?2.24 ?g/ml,
respectively. Compounds 3, 7, and 8 displayed good anticancer activity against cervical carcinoma (HeLa) with IC50
values of 18.68?0.62, 20.86?1.68, and 18.89?1.26 ?g/ml, respectively. The results showed that two diastereomers
(7 and 8) have good activity against the broad range of tested cancer cell lines. From molecular docking analysis, the
binding energy and interaction between the isolated compounds and topoisomerase II (Top2) was calculated and could
be used to evaluate cytotoxic activity. Molecular docking showed that 7 and 8 interacted with Top2 (? and ? types)
using two or three hydrogen bonding, whereas the other compounds that also displayed this interaction had at least one
hydrogen bonding. Additionally, only 7 exhibited non-toxic effect against normal embryonic lung cell line (MRC-5);
therefore, the biological activity of 7 can serve as a basis for the study of anti-cancer agents in the near future.
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Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210 Thailand
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* Corresponding author, E-mail: arthit@cri.or.th, supanna@cri.or.th
Received 3 Aug 2021, Accepted 2 Jul 2022
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