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Research Article
ScienceAsia 31 (2005): 037-041 |doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2005.31.037
Relationships between Seed Yield and Other
Characters of Different Maturity Types of Soybean
Grown in Different Environments and Levels of Fertilizer
Thitiporn Machikowa, Aree Waranyuwat and Paisan Laosuwan*
ABSTRACT: A two-season field experiment was conducted to determine the association between yield and yield
components, morphological and physiological traits of soybean. This study was conducted at the Suranaree
University of Technology Experimental Farm, Nakhon Ratchasima, in the dry and late rainy seasons of 2002.
Six soybean varieties were chosen to represent early (CM2 and NS1), medium (KUSL20004 and KKU67)
and late maturing varieties (LJ4 and KKU35). The fertilizer formula 12-24-12 respective for N, P2O5, K2O
was applied at the rates of 187.5 and 375 kg/ha, plus a control (without fertilizer) to create different soil
fertility levels. A split-plot in a randomized completed block design with four replications was used, having
fertilizer levels as the main plots and soybean varieties as the sub-plots. The results showed that the late
maturing soybean varieties produced higher yield, total dry matter (TDM), leaf area index (LAI), crop
growth rate (CGR), branches per plant, pods per plant and nodes per plant than the medium and early
maturing varieties. Correlation coefficients between yield and pods per plant, TDM at R5 and LAI at R5 of the
three types of soybean were strong and positive in both seasons. This indicated that the soybean yield
improvement in the future could be made possible by increasing these characters. However, the correlations
between yield and nodes per plant, yield and branches per plant, and yield and seed size were quite variable
among levels of fertilizer, seasons and maturity types. Thus these yield components could not be used
effectively in selection for seed yield.
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School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of
Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
* Corresponding author, E-mail: paisan@ccs.sut.ac.th
Received 9 Jun 2004,
Accepted 3 Nov 2004
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