ScienceAsia 11 (1985): 067-077 |doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.1985.11.067

EFFECTS OF WATER HARDNESS AND TEMPERATURE ON THE TOXICITY OF DETERGENTS TO THE FRESHWATER FISH, PUNTIUS GONIONOTUS, BLEEKER.

HARWINTA F. EYANOER,^a E. SUCHART UPATHAM,^a MAITREE DUANGSAWASDI^b and SAKSIT TRIDECH^c

ABSTRACT: The toxicity of detergents to fish varied considerably according to the hardness of the water in which the fish were treated. The 96-hr. LC₅₀ values of soft detergent were, respectively, 13.6, 11.8 and 11.4 mg/l products in soft, moderate and hard waters, whereas the 96-hr. LC₅₀ values of hard detergent were, respectively, 24.7, 13.6 and 10.5 mg/l products in soft. moderate and hard waters. The detergent was more toxic in hard water than in soft water. Increasing water temperature increased slightly the toxicity of detergent to fish. At 28^o and 35^o C. the 96-hr. LC₅₀ values of soft detergent were. respectively. 11.8 and 11.5 mg/l products, and of hard detergent were, respectively. 13.6 and 12.1 mg/l products.

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a. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
b. National Inland Fisheries Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operative, Bangkok, Thailand
c. National Environment Board, Ministry of Science. Technoiogy and Energy, Bangkok, Thailand

Received 12 February 1985