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Short reports

ScienceAsia 37 (2011): 165-169 |doi: 10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2011.37.165


Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae on growth and saponin accumulation in Chlorophytum borivilianum


Sushma Davea, Jayashankar Dasb, J C Tarafdarc

 
ABSTRACT:     Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) contains pharmacologically important steroidal saponins that have attracted pharmacological societies and researchers worldwide. To estimate the beneficial effects of different vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) and C. borivilianum symbiotic association we studied phosphorus uptake, root carbon, spore build up, root dry mass, and saponin accumulation in different harvesting periods. In the VAM colonized roots studied, a significantly higher spore build-up was found in Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae than in the Glomus fasciculatum or non-colonized treatment at the critical growth stage of the species (90 days). However, all the mycorrhizal treatments showed significant increase in phosphorus uptake and root carbon percentage. The results reveal that mycorrhizal fungi substantially enhance the saponin content of C. borivilianum, depending upon the type of VAM fungi supplied. G. mosseae contributed 5 fold (0.56 g to 2.8 g/plant) enhancements in saponin accumulation followed by G. intraradices (0.56 g to 2.7 g/plant) in comparison to non-mycorrhizal plants. After 270 days, saponin content and root growth in all the mycorrhizal inoculated plants was found to be greater than in non-mycorrhizal material. The present study is a first report of an increase in secondary metabolite accumulation and root growth enhancement in C. borivilianum as an effect of mycorrhizal inoculation.

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a Department of Chemistry, VIET, NH-65, Pali Road, Jodhpur 342001, Rajasthan, India
b Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Laitumkhrah, Shillong, Meghalaya- 793 003, India
c Department of Soil Microbiology, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India

* Corresponding author, E-mail: biotechjay@yahoo.co.in

Received 13 Jun 2010, Accepted 18 Apr 2011